Se aproxima el Día de la Tierra, en el cual a nivel internacional se conmemora nuestro planeta y se busca reflexionar sobre los efectos que tienen nuestras actividades diarias sobre él. Este año en particular se hará énfasis en la importancia de los árboles y los bosques para la reducción del dióxido de carbono, de gases tóxicos y de otras partículas en la atmósfera, para la conservación de la biodiversidad y para las actividades económicas de muchas comunidades humanas.
Coincide esta fecha con los la polémica generada por la expedición por el Gobierno Nacional de una licencia a la empresa privada Hughes Petroleum Colombia para la exploración de petróleo en la Serranía de la Macarena, y su posterior suspensión debido al clamor de muchos sectores para que se detuviera el proyecto. El rechazo general se debe a la posibilidad de que dicha actividad económica afectara a Caño Cristales, una de las maravillas naturales e inexploradas de nuestro país, ubicada en una región que el grupo narcoterrorista Farc dominó con la coca y las armas hasta que el estado colombiano retomó el control durante la década pasada.
Aunque el gobierno intentó sostener el proyecto de exploración de hidrocarburos en La Macarena con argumentos poco válidos que involucraban la difícil coexistencia y la compleja diplomacia entre terrícolas y extraterrestres, finalmente la presión de los medios y de los ciudadanos triunfó sobre lo que las autoridades ambientales habían permitido, y la licencia fue suspendida por el presidente Santos en Twitter.
La minería es una actividad económica que le genera grandes recursos al país, pero en este caso en concreto hay un conflicto claro entre ella y el valor ecológico y turístico que tienen Caño Cristales y la Serranía de La Macarena. La mayoría de la crítica constructiva reconoce lo anterior, sin embargo no faltan los grupos radicales que desprecian la minería de forma irracional. Estos personajes, a menudo asociados a la extrema izquierda (tal como los narcoterroristas que destruían el bosque nativo para sembrar coca) han criticado el “neoliberalismo” del gobierno nacional, fantasma al que acusan de haber otorgado la licencia a la multinacional norteamericana.
Estos radicales olvidan deliberadamente que en la destrucción del planeta han participado por igual países con sistemas que permiten la iniciativa privada y regímenes socialistas como los que ellos idolatran. Olvidan, por ejemplo, que el año pasado las comunidades indígenas del Ecuador (país que espero salga adelante después del devastador terremoto) se manifestaron con mucha contundencia contra los proyectos de exploración petrolera que Rafael Correa le ha concedido a un consorcio chino en territorios indígenas de la amazonía ecuatoriana. Tal vez la etiqueta “neoliberal” sólo aplica a gobiernos democráticos y multinacionales occidentales más no a tiranos de extrema izquierda y sus socios chinos y rusos.
Pero lo curioso es que la actitud de quienes de verdad defienden principios liberales no coincide con la que los radicales de extrema izquierda le atribuyen al fantasma “neoliberal”. En el portal liberal PanamPost, el columnista Camilo de Guzmán llamó la atención al gobierno nacional sobre la necesidad de aprovechar el potencial turístico de Caño Cristales, que supera enormemente las ventajas que la exploración petrolera presentaría en la región. Caño Cristales como destino ecoturístico es una fuente de oportunidades para los colombianos de hoy y los de muchas generaciones futuras, mientras que la extracción de petróleo (y especialmente en estos momentos) es una fuente de oportunidades mucho más limitada y con efectos adversos más nocivos.
Por eso, aprovechando esta fecha especial que es el Día de la Tierra, hago un llamado a que nuestros dirigentes y empresarios se guíen por visiones a largo plazo y no por los afanes del momento; y a que los activistas y aquellos interesados genuinamente en el bienestar de nuestro planeta se guíen por el sentido común y no por los intereses políticos de minorías extremistas que sólo se indignan cuando no les gusta el gobernante de turno o la empresa involucrada.
Autor: José Miguel Arias Mejía
Imagen destacada: Proyecto Caño Cristales. By Mario Carvajal – Own work, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=27473132
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